Execution Layer Internals

Core Responsibility of the Execution Layer

The execution layer has one job:

Translate strategy decisions into real market actions without giving any strategy an unfair advantage.

It does not:

  • Optimize execution for profit

  • Improve fill quality for certain strategies

  • Hide latency or slippage

Its goal is consistency, not performance enhancement.


Separation of Concerns

The execution layer is intentionally isolated from:

  • Strategy logic

  • Scoring logic

  • Reputation logic

  • Reward distribution

This separation prevents:

  • Feedback loops

  • Hidden optimizations

  • Strategy-specific tuning

From a system perspective:

No shortcut paths exist.


Execution Permissions Model

Each strategy is registered with an explicit execution profile:

  • Allowed markets

  • Maximum leverage

  • Maximum position size

  • Allowed order types

  • Risk constraints

The execution layer enforces, not negotiates.

If a strategy requests an action outside its permission set:

  • The action is rejected

  • The event is logged

  • Risk enforcement may be triggered


Order Lifecycle (Simplified)

From a dev standpoint, an order follows this lifecycle:

  1. Strategy emits intent (e.g. open long, size X, market Y)

  2. Risk Engine validates intent

    • leverage check

    • size check

    • drawdown check

  3. Execution Adapter constructs order

    • exchange-specific format

    • normalized parameters

  4. Order submitted to market

    • real DEX

    • real latency

    • real fees

  5. Execution result returned

    • fill price

    • partial fills

    • rejections

  6. Execution state recorded

    • immutable logs

    • timestamped

At no point can the strategy bypass steps 2–5.


Exchange Adapters

Benchmark X uses exchange adapters to normalize execution across different perp DEXs.

Each adapter handles:

  • Order formatting

  • Fee calculation

  • Funding rate tracking

  • Position state reconciliation

Adapters are:

  • Stateless

  • Deterministic

  • Replaceable

This allows:

  • Multi-DEX execution

  • Identical behavior across venues

  • Clean future expansion


Latency Is Not Hidden

Execution latency is treated as part of performance.

Benchmark X does not:

  • Artificially synchronize fills

  • Backdate executions

  • Smooth price movements

If a strategy is sensitive to latency, it will show in results.

This is intentional.


Slippage Handling

Slippage is not simulated or averaged.

Actual fill prices are used:

  • Market orders fill at market

  • Limit orders may miss

  • Partial fills are recorded

Slippage becomes part of:

  • PnL

  • Risk metrics

  • BX Score inputs

Strategies that ignore liquidity constraints will be penalized naturally.


Failure Handling

The execution layer is designed to fail safely.

Failure cases include:

  • Exchange downtime

  • RPC errors

  • Order rejection

  • Network instability

System behavior:

  • Strategy execution pauses

  • Positions may be force-closed if risk limits are breached

  • Events are logged for audit

  • Slashing may occur if violations persist

The system prioritizes capital safety and integrity over strategy continuity.


Determinism & Replayability

All execution events are:

  • Timestamped

  • Parameterized

  • Logged

This allows:

  • Replay of Battle Rooms

  • Post-mortem analysis

  • Independent verification

If two strategies take the same actions under the same conditions, execution outcomes will differ only due to market behavior.


What the Execution Layer Guarantees

From a developer perspective, the execution layer guarantees:

  • No strategy-specific optimizations

  • No hidden execution advantages

  • No simulation shortcuts

  • No privileged access paths

What it does not guarantee:

  • Best possible fills

  • Profitability

  • Low latency

Those are properties of the strategy, not the system.

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